Which type of software allows non-native applications to run in a foreign environment?

The type of software that allows non-native applications to run in a foreign environment is an emulator. Emulators replicate the hardware or software environment of one system on another, enabling applications designed for one platform to operate on a different platform. For example, a video game emulator allows games from older consoles to be played on modern PCs by mimicking the original console's architecture. This is particularly useful for developers and users who want to utilize applications built for systems that are no longer available or supported.

In contrast, APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) are sets of rules and protocols that allow different software applications to communicate with each other but do not run non-native applications themselves. A canvas is a drawable region in HTML used for rendering graphics, typically with JavaScript, and does not relate to application execution across environments. Cookies are small pieces of data stored on the user's device by the web browser and are used to retain user preferences or session data; they have no role in running applications across different environments. Therefore, the emulator stands out as the correct answer due to its ability to simulate entire operating environments for running non-native applications.