Which programming style is characterized by the use of subprograms to achieve tasks?

The correct answer is procedural programming, which is characterized by the use of subprograms, also known as functions or procedures, to achieve specific tasks. In this programming style, the emphasis is on a sequence of operations or instructions that manipulate data and control flow through a series of calls to these subprograms.

Procedural programming allows developers to break down complex tasks into smaller, manageable pieces, thereby promoting code reusability and organization. This approach simplifies debugging and testing since individual subprograms can be tested independently before being integrated into a larger system. Additionally, procedural programming often uses structures such as loops, conditionals, and variable declarations to control the flow of execution, making it straightforward for tasks that follow a logical sequence.

In contrast, object-oriented programming focuses on encapsulating data and behavior within objects, effectively representing real-world entities rather than breaking tasks into procedures. Event-driven programming emphasizes responding to user inputs or events, making it less about sequential procedures and more about handling events as they occur. Functional programming, on the other hand, centers on mathematical functions and avoids mutable state, promoting immutability and first-class functions rather than traditional subprograms.