What numbering system allows large numbers to be represented using fewer characters, with 10 represented as A?

The hexadecimal numbering system is designed to represent large numbers more compactly by utilizing a base of 16. In this system, the digits range from 0 to 9 and then continue with letters A to F to represent values from 10 to 15. For example, the number 10 in decimal is represented as 'A' in hexadecimal. This allows a more efficient representation of values, especially when dealing with larger numbers, as fewer characters are needed compared to the decimal system, which only uses the digits 0 through 9. The application of hexadecimal is widespread in computing and digital electronics, where large values are common and conciseness is desirable.

In contrast, binary, octal, and decimal systems use different bases (2, 8, and 10 respectively) and have limitations in their ability to condense large values into fewer characters, especially when compared to hexadecimal.